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楼主 |
发表于 2012-9-15 17:16:15
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本帖最后由 NCarrot 于 2012-9-15 17:19 编辑
甚没钱 发表于 2012-9-15 10:12
粗略看了一下全文，来问个与主题无关的问题
苗力田在《道德形而上学》中提到了康德的德性论是先天 ...
康德的纯粹理性批判主要是在讲我们的认知结构……对于康德来说，上帝的存在与否、宇宙的有限无限、物质的可分与不可分，这些都是不可知的物自体世界中的东西。但是他已经假设了物自体的存在。
至于上帝，康德引入上帝的目的是为了解决道德问题。因为现实生活中我们可以看到太多的好心没好报的事情，以及恶人逍遥法外的事情。上帝的存在可以再后世平衡善恶。他只是希望上帝存在，而没有证明上帝存在。
我觉得说 transcendental idealism 是 idealism 是很可笑的事情。
transcendental idealism, also called formalistic idealism, term applied to the epistemology of the 18th-century German philosopher Immanuel Kant, who held that the human self, or transcendental ego, constructs knowledge out of sense impressions and from universal concepts called categories that it imposes upon them. Kant’s transcendentalism is set in contrast to those of two of his predecessors—the problematic idealism of René Descartes, who claimed that the existence of matter can be doubted, and the dogmatic idealism of George Berkeley, who flatly denied the existence of matter. Kant believed that ideas, the raw matter of knowledge, must somehow be due to realities existing independently of human minds; but he held that such things-in-themselves must remain forever unknown. Human knowledge cannot reach to them because knowledge can only arise in the course of synthesizing the ideas of sense.
Transcendental idealism has remained a significant strand in later philosophy, being perpetuated in various forms of Kantian and Neo-Kantian movements of thought.
看到第一句话没有，transcendental idealism 是认识论中的理论。而不是形而上学的理论。所以根本就谈不了唯物和唯心的区别。
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楼主: NCarrot
发表于 2012-9-15 02:09:59
粗略看了一下全文，来问个与主题无关的问题
